Jablonné v Podještědí (until 1946 Německé Jablonné; german: Deutsch Gabel, until 1901 ''Gabel'') is a town in

Liberec District Liberec District ( cs, okres Liberec) is the district (''okres'') within the Liberec Region of Czech Republic. As its name implies, its administrative center is the city of Liberec. Complete list of municipalities Bílá - Bílý Kostel nad Ni ...

in the

Liberec Region Liberec Region ( cs, Liberecký kraj, german: Reichenberger Region, pl, Kraj liberecki) is an administrative unit ( Czech: ''kraj'') of the Czech Republic, located in the northernmost part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

. It has about 3,700 inhabitants. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.

Administrative parts

Town parts of Markvartice and Zámecká and villages of Česká Ves, Heřmanice v Podještědí, Kněžice, Lada v Podještědí, Lvová, Petrovice, Pole, Postřelná and Valdov are administrative parts of Jablonné v Podještědí.

Geography

Jablonné v Podještědí is located about west of

Liberec Liberec (; german: Reichenberg ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants and it is the fifth-largest city in the country. It lies on the Lusatian Neisse, in a basin surrounded by mountains. The city centre is well preser ...

, on the border with

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. It lies mostly in the

Ralsko Uplands Ralsko (german: Roll) is a town in Česká Lípa District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,100 inhabitants. It comprises area of the former military training area with Hradčany Air Base. Because of the former military ...

, but the northern part of the municipal territory extends into the

Lusatian Mountains The Lusatian Mountains ( cs, Lužické hory; german: Lausitzer Gebirge; pl, Góry Łużyckie) are a mountain range of the Western Sudetes on the southeastern border of Germany with the Czech Republic. They are a continuation of the Ore Mountains ...

. The highest point is the mountain Hvozd at above sea level, located on the Czech-German border. The Panenský Stream flows through the town. There are several ponds in the vicinity of the town.

History

Jablonné v Podještědí was founded by German colonizers in the 12th century. Its advantageous location on the trade route from

Zittau Zittau ( hsb, Žitawa, dsb, Žytawa, pl, Żytawa, cs, Žitava, :de:Oberlausitzer Mundart, Upper Lusatian Dialect: ''Sitte''; from Slavic languages, Slavic "''rye''" (Upper Sorbian and Czech: ''žito'', Lower Sorbian: ''žyto'', Polish: ''żyto' ...

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...

helped the development from a village to a town, and for several centuries it became an important place of trade and customs. Around 1240, Lemberk Castle was founded by

Havel of Markvartice Havel of Markvartice, also Havel of Lemberk ( cs, Havel z Lemberka) or Gallus of Lämberg; ''Floruit, fl.'' 1230–1255) was a Bohemian nobleman, Lord of Lemberk Castle and burgrave of Kłodzko Land, Kladsko. Family The Markvartici — also calle ...

for guarding the trade route. Until 1918, the town was part of the

Austrian monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...

(Austria side after the

compromise of 1867 The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (german: Ausgleich, hu, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereignty and status of the Kingdom of Hungary ...

), head of the Gabel District (later Gabel bei Niemes), one of the 94 ''Bezirkshauptmannschaften'' in

Bohemia Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...

. In 1918, it became a part of independent

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

. In 1938, Jablonné was ceded to

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

as a result of the

Munich Agreement The Munich Agreement ( cs, Mnichovská dohoda; sk, Mníchovská dohoda; german: Münchner Abkommen) was an agreement concluded at Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, Germany, the United Kingdom, French Third Republic, France, and Fa ...

. Until 1945, it was administered as a part of the ''Regierungsbezirk Aussig'' of

Reichsgau Sudetenland The Reichsgau Sudetenland was an administrative division of Nazi Germany from 1939 to 1945. It comprised the northern part of the ''Sudetenland'' territory, which was annexed from Czechoslovakia according to the 30 September 1938 Munich Agreement. ...

. In May 1945, after the liberation of Czechoslovakia, it returned under Czechoslovak administration.

Demographics

Transport

There is a road border crossing ''Petrovice / Lückendorf'' with Germany.

Sights

Jablonné v Podještědí is known for the Lemberk Castle, which is located in the Lvová village. It is open to the public. Basilica of Saints Lawrence and Zdislava is a

basilica minor In the Catholic Church, a basilica is a designation given by the Pope to a church building. Basilicas are distinguished for ceremonial purposes from other churches. The building need not be a basilica in the architectural sense (a rectangular b ...

, built at the beginning of the 18th century. It is one of the leading buildings of Baroque architecture in Central Europe. The dome is high.

Notable people

Zdislava Berka Zdislava Berka (also Zdislava of Lemberk; 1220–1252, in what is now the northern part of Czech Republic) was the wife of Havel of Markvartice, Duke of Lemberk, and is a Czech saint of the Roman Catholic Church. She was a "wife, mother, and o ...

(c. 1220–1252), saint, died here * Karl von Ergert (1795–1865), Austrian military officer *

Josef Johann Mann Josef Johann Mann (19 May 1804 – 20 March 1889), or Johann Josef Ritter von Mann, was a German Bohemian entomologist and a specialist in Lepidoptera. Mann was born in Jablonné v Podještědí, Bohemia (present-day Czech Republic). He was ...

(1804–1889), entomologist * Franz Ergert (1858–1931), Austrian industrialist * Wenzel Bürger (1869–1946), German architect * Alfred Gürtler (1875–1933), Austrian economist and politician * Hildegard Neumann (1919–2010), Nazi officer *

Gert Willner Gert Willner was a CDU politician in Schleswig-Holstein. He was a member of the Bundestag for Pinneberg from the 1994 federal election until his death. External links * From the Bundestag The Bundestag (, "Federal Diet") is the Germ ...

(1940–2000), German politician

Gallery

Jablonné v P. Palmeho dvůr 4.jpg, Palme's manor Bazilika Svatého Vavřince.JPG, Basilica of Saints Lawrence and Zdislava Petrovice (Jablonné v Podještědí), kapel Dm256595-4530 IMG 7332 2018-08-09 15.41.jpg, Chapel in Petrovice

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Jablonne v Podjestedi Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Liberec District Lusatian Mountains